Relationships of Low Serum Levels of Interleukin-10 With Poststroke Anxiety and Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Clinical Acute Stroke

Background@#and Purpose The relationships among interleukin (IL)-10 levels, anxiety, and cognitive status after stroke remain controversial. We aimed to determine the associations of serum IL-10 levels with poststroke anxiety (PSA) and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). @*Methods@#We recruited 350 patients with stroke, of whom only 151 completed a 1-month follow-up assessment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the cognitive status and anxiety, respectively. Serum IL-10 levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. @*Results@#IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the PSA group than in the non-PSA group, and they were negatively associated with HAMA scores (r=-0.371, p<0.001). After adjusting for all potential confounders, IL-10 levels remained an independent predictor of PSA (odds ratio=0.471, 95% confidence interval=0.237–0.936, p=0.032). IL-10 levels were strongly correlated with behavior during interviews, psychic anxiety, and somatic anxiety. Patients without PSCI had higher IL-10 levels were higher in non-PSCI patients than in PSCI patients, and they were positively associated with MMSE scores in the bivariate correlation analysis (r=0.169, p=0.038), and also with memory capacity, naming ability, and copying capacity.However, IL-10 did not predict PSCI in the univariable or multivariable logistic regression. @*Conclusions@#Low IL-10 levels were associated with increased risks of PSA and PSCI at a 1-month follow-up after stroke. Serum IL-10 levels may therefore be helpful in predicting PSA.

Characterization of influenza epidemic in Changzhou City， Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2023 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemic intensity and characteristics of influenza in Changzhou City， Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2023， and to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of influenza prevention and control strategies. MethodsThe surveillance data of influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Changzhou City from April 2019 to March 2023 were collected through the China influenza surveillance information system. Influenza-like illness （ILI） cases before and after the pandemic of COVID-19 in Changzhou City were analyzed， and the differences among qualitative data were compared by using χ² test. ResultsFrom April 2019 to March 2023 the percentages of ILI cases’ medical visits in the four-influenza surveillance year were 2.57%， 1.84%， 5.38%， and 3.66%， respectively， and the positive detection rates of influenza virus were 25.71%， 0.44%， 22.78%， and 24.32%， respectively. The number of influenza outbreaks was 61， 1， 23， and 128， respectively. ILI cases were mainly among adolescent children aged 5‒14 years. The percentage of ILI cases in 2020‒2021 after the pandemic of COVID-19 was significantly lower than that in 2019‒2020 （χ2=737.342， P<0.001）， and the percentage of ILI cases in 2021‒2023 was higher than that in 2019‒2020. Influenza viruses in 2019‒2021 were dominated by type B Victoria， and influenza A virus was the dominant strain in positive influenza virus detections in 2022‒2023. The number of influenza outbreaks in 2021‒2023 was significantly lower than that in 2019‒2020 （χ2=185.662， P<0.001）. ConclusionThe epidemiological characteristics of influenza are different in different stages of COVID-19 prevention and control during 2019‒2023. In the dynamic clearance phase of COVID-19， ILI case’s medical visits showed low-level fluctuations without obvious seasonal fluctuations， and influenza virus was dominated by type B. In the high-intensity phase of the pandemic， the level of ILI case’s medical visits has reached the peak of the calendar year， and the positive detection of influenza virus was dominated by type A H3N2. In the "Category B B control" phase， the level of ILI case’s medical visits increased after a rapid decline， and the positive detection of influenza virus was dominated by type A H1N1. It is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring of influenza cases， pay close attention to the changes in influenza strains， actively promote influenza vaccination for key population group， and promote health behavior changes for the whole population.

Research progress of radiation carcinogenic effect and its interference factors for survivors of the atomic bomb disaster in Japan / 中国辐射卫生

Based on the study of solid cancer incidence in survivors of the atomic bomb disaster (atomic bomb survivors) from 1958 to 1998, the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) performed an additional 11-year follow-up (1999—2009) to further investigate the 50-year solid cancer incidence of atomic bomb survivors from 1958 to 2009. Considering influencing factors such as gender, smoking, drinking, body mass index, and medical exposure, we updated the radiation risk estimate for solid cancer and found a new problem of the relationship between gender-specific dose response, exposure age and cancer incidence during the study, which provides guidance for future research.

Determination of creatinine and 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in urine by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To establish an ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of creatinine (Cre) and 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in urine. Methods: In October 2020, the end-of-shift urine samples of the monitored subjects were taken, and the filtrate was prepared by centrifugation. After separated by ultra high performance liquid chromatography C18 column, acetonitrile and 0.2% acetic acid aqueous solution were used as mobile phases for gradient elution, the three quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry adopted an electrospray ion source (ESI) , the ion source temperature was 500 ℃ , and the air curtain gas flow rate was 31.4 L/min, qualitative and quantitative analysis of Cre and TTCA were carried out under the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Results: The linear range of Cre was 1.0-1 000.0 μg/L, the linear equation was y=947.3x-1605.6, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9994. The detection limit and the limit of quantitation were 0.3, 1.0 μg/L. When the addition concentrations were 50.0, 150.0 and 450.0 μg/L, the recovery rates were 92.8%-94.6% , the intra assay precisions were 3.6%-5.7% , and the inter assay precisions were 3.4%-5.4%. The linear range of TTCA was 0.1-200.0 μg/L, the linear equation was y=1164.7x-2243.9, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9991. The detection limit and the limit of quantitation were 0.03, 0.1 μg/L. When the addition concentrations were 10.0, 40.0 and 160.0 μg/L, the recovery rates were 90.8%-93.6%, the intra assay precisions were 4.6%-7.4%, and the inter assay precisions were 4.4%-6.9%. Conclusion: The sample pretreatment process of the ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of Cre and TTCA in urine is simple, and the continuous determination of Cre and TTCA in urine can be realized only by switching mass spectrometry parameters under the same chromatographic conditions, which is accurate and efficient, and each performance index of the method meets the determination requirements.

Vasohibin-2 promotes proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of vasohibin-2 (VASH2) in regulation of proliferation and metastasis of cervical cancer cells.@*METHODS@#We analyzed the differentially expressed genes between cervical cancer cells with flotillin-1 overexpression and knockdown by RNA-seq combined with analysis of public databases. The expression levels of VASH2 were examined in normal cervical epithelial cells (HcerEpic), cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa, C-33A, Ca ski, SiHa and MS751) and fresh cervical cancer tissues with different lymph node metastasis status. We further tested the effects of lentivirus-mediated overexpression and interference of VASH2 on proliferation, migration, invasion and lymphatic vessel formation of the cervical cancer cells and detected the expression levels of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and TGF-β mRNA.@*RESULTS@#RNA-seq and analysis of public databases showed that VASH2 expression was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cells exogenously overexpressing flotillin-1 (P < 0.05) and downregulated in cells with flotillin-1 knockdown (P < 0.05), and was significantly higher in cervical cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). In cervical cancer cell lines Ca Ski, SiHa, and MS751 and cervical cancer tissue specimens with lymph node metastasis, VASH2 expression was also significantly upregulated as compared with HcerEpic cells and cervical cancer tissues without lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Exogenous overexpression of VASH2 significantly promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and lymphatic vessel formation of cervical cancer cells, whereas these abilities were significantly inhibited in cells with VASH2 knockdown (P < 0.05). The cervical cancer cells overexpressing VASH2 showed significant down- regulation of e-cadherin and up- regulation of N-cadherin, Vimentin and VEGF-C, while the reverse changes were detected in cells with VASH2 knockdown (P < 0.05). TGF-β mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in cervical cancer cells overexpressing VASH2 and down-regulated in cells with VASH2 knockdown (P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Flotillin-1 may participate in TGF-β signaling pathway-mediated EMT through its down-stream target gene VASH2 to promote the proliferation, migration, invasion and lymphatic vessel formation of cervical cancer cells in vitro.

Combination therapy with Octreotide and Ulinastatin for improving the prognosis of elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of Octreotide plus Ulinastatin in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)in elderly patients.Methods:From May 2016 to February 2019, 124 elderly SAP patients admitted to the gastroenterology department of our hospital were enrolled and divided into the combination therapy group and the control group, with 62 patients in each group.The combination therapy group was treated with Octreotide and Ulinastatin, while the control group was treated with Octreotide alone.Serum leukocyte count, C-reactive protein(CRP), interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and amylase levels were monitored before and 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after treatment by automated biochemical analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.The pain grade scale, APACHE-Ⅱ score and efficacy evaluation were analyzed for the two groups 7 days after treatment.The time to oral refeeding and length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups, and related complications during the treatment were recorded.Complications and the recurrence of pancreatitis within 1 year were followed up in both groups.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in serum white blood cell count, CRP, amylase, IL-6 and TNF-α levels between the two groups before treatment(all P>0.05). Serum white blood cell count, CRP and TNF-α levels had significant differences( t=3.735, 2.851 and -2.147, P=0.036, 0.029 and 0.043)and serum amylase and IL-6 levels had no significant difference( P>0.05)between the two groups 3 days after treatment.All the above parameters had significant differences between the two groups 7 days after treatment( t=3.624, 2.918, -2.166, 2.684 and -2.593, P=0.023, 0.011, <0.001, 0.015 and <0.001). Serum amylase, IL-6 and TNF-α levels had significant differences( t=-3.515, 4.627 and -3.189, all P<0.001)and serum white blood cell count and CRP had no significant difference(all P>0.05)between the two groups 14 days after treatment.There were significant differences in visual analogue scale(VAS)and APACHE-Ⅱ score between the two groups 7 days after treatment( t=-2.346 and -3.245, P=0.021 and 0.002). On the 7th day after treatment, the effectiveness rate was 79.0%(49/62)in the combination therapy group and 61.3%(38/62)in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups( χ2=4.661, P=0.031). Compared with the control group, time to oral refeeding and hospitalization length were shorter in the combination therapy group than in the control group(6.72±1.87 d vs.7.65±1.69 d, 11.23±2.98 d vs.13.85±3.42 d, t=-2.868 and -4.565, both P<0.05). There were significant differences in the incidences of infectious pancreatic necrosis, gastrointestinal adverse reactions and organ failure between the combination therapy group and the control group(11.3% or 7/62 vs.25.8% or 16/62, 43.5% or 27/62 vs.21.0% or 13/62, 1.6% or 1/62 vs.11.3% or 7/62, χ2=4.324, 7.233 and 4.810, P=0.038, 0.007 and 0.028). There were significant differences in mean length of time without complications and recurrence between the combined group and the control group(10.25±3.26 months vs.8.72±3.73 months, 10.69±2.51 months vs.9.62±2.92 months, Log Rank χ2=7.463 and 4.589, P=0.006 and 0.032). Conclusions:Octreotide combined with Ulinastatin can effectively alleviate local symptoms, slow clinical progression, reduce the risk of complications, decrease the recurrence rate and promote early recovery in elderly SAP patients.

Genetic characteristics of Brucella strains isolated from a human brucellosis epidemic in Baoding City of Hebei Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To analyze the genetic characteristics of Brucella strains isolated from a human brucellosis epidemic in Baoding City of Hebei Province, and to provide scientific basis for control and prevention of brucellosis. Methods:Brucella antibody was detected in a high-risk population ( n=22) of brucellosis in Baoding City in 2018 by using rose bengal plate test and tube agglutination test. Blood samples of patients with brucellosis were collected for Brucella isolation ( n=3). Conventional methods were used to identify the bacteria strains. Multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were used to analyze the genetic characteristics of the strains. Results:The sero-prevalence of Brucella antibodies in high-risk populations was 4.55% (1/22). Three suspected Brucella strains were isolated from blood samples of three patients (No. BDY-1, BDY-2 and BDY-3) and were identified as Brucella melitensis biovar 3. The results of MLVA showed that strain BDY-1 and strain BDY-2 were the same genotype. Strain BDY-3 added two tandem repeats at the locus of Bruce04 and Bruce16, respectively, and lost three tandem repeats at the locus of Bruce30. The genotype of panel 1 (MLVA-8) and panel 1 + panel 2A (MLVA-11) were 42 and 116, respectively, which belonged to the "East Mediterranean group". They were closely clustered with Brucella melitensis biovar 3. MLST analysis showed that all isolated strains could be classified into a ST8 type. Conclusions:The isolated strains from the epidemic are Brucella melitensis biovar 3. In the future, the prevention and control of brucellosis in Baoding City should strengthen the health education and behavior intervention of the high-risk population.

Epidemiological investigation of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing. Methods: We designed a tinnitus epidemiological questionnaire. The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methods was applied to obtain study subjects in six areas (Nanchong, Jiangjin, Fengdu, Yunyang, Suining and Ya'an), which were selected for epidemiological investigation. Home visit completion of epidemiological questionnaires was conducted. The trained investigators guided the respondents to fill in the tinnitus epidemiological questionnaires, and the epidemiological status of six areas on prevalence and risk factor was investigated. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sampling population were 10 289, in which 9 273 were valid questionnaires. There were 4 281 males and 4 992 females, with an average age of 47.3 years, among which 34.83% (3 230/9 273) had tinnitus. 3.99% (370/9 273) were diagnosed with bothersome tinnitus. In a multivariable logistic regression mod, the following factors were associated with onsetting of tinnitus: sleep disorder [Odds Ratio(OR)=3.74] and noise exposure(OR=1.99). The risk of disease was lowest in the age of 30-40 years old, while the risk of disease was higher for people under 30 and over 40. In another multivariable logistic regression mode, the following factors were associated with having bothersome tinnitus: older people were more likely to suffer from tinnitus, sleep disorders (OR=4.68) and noise exposure (OR=1.56). Conclusions: The prevalence of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing is about 34.83%, but most of the tinnitus is short-lived and has low loudness, which will not affect the patients. Only a small number of patients with tinnitus (3.99%) persist and affect their health and need treatment. The occurrence and exacerbation of tinnitus may be related to sleep, age, and noise exposure.

SOCS1 Regulates the Immunomodulatory Roles of MSCs on B Cells

Background and Objectives@#The effective use of MSCs for the treatment of some B cell-mediated immune diseases is quite limited. The main reason is that the immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on B cells are unclear, and their underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. @*Methods@#and Results: By co-culturing B cells with MSCs without (MSC/CTLsh) or with suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) knockdown (MSC/SOCS1sh), we found that MSCs inhibited B cell proliferation, activation and terminal differentiation. Remarkably, the highest inhibition of B cell proliferation was observed in MSC/SOCS1sh co-culture. Besides, MSC/SOCS1sh reversed the inhibitory effect of MSCs in the last stage of B cell differentiation. However, MSC/SOCS1sh had no effect on inhibiting B cell activation by MSCs. We also showed that IgA+ B cell production was significantly higher in MSC/SOCS1sh than in MSC/CTLsh, although no difference was observed when both MSCs co-cultures were compared to isolated B cells. In addition, MSCs increased PGE2 production after TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation, with the highest increase observed in MSC/SOCS1sh co-culture. @*Conclusions@#Our results highlighted the role of SOCS1 as an important new mediator in the regulation of B cell function by MSCs. Therefore, these data may help to develop new treatments for B cell-mediated immune diseases.

Proliferation, Differentiation and Immunoregulatory Capacities of Brown and White Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Young and Aged Mice

Background and Objectives@#Adipose tissue is a source of mesenchymal stem cells, which have the potential to differentiate into various types of cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are now recognized as an accessible, abundant, and reliable stem cells suitable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. However, few literatures gave a comprehensive report on the capacities of ADSCs harvested from different sites. Especially, the capacities of ADSCs from aged mice remained unclear. In this study, we investigated several main capacities of brown adipose derived stem cells (B-ADSCs) and white adipose derived stem cells (W-ADSCs) from both young and aged mice. @*Methods@#and Results: When isolated from young mice, B-ADSCs showed a stronger proliferation rate and higher osteogenic, adipogenic and myocardial differentiation ability than W-ADSCs. Carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling test suggested no significant difference in immunosuppression capacity between B-ADSCs and W-ADSCs. Similarly, no difference between these two were found in several immune related molecules, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL10), and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (socs1). When isolated from aged mice, B-ADSCs also showed a stronger proliferation rate and higher osteogenic, adipogenic and myocardial differentiation ability than W-ADSCs; however, it demonstrated an attenuated immunosuppression capacity compared to W-ADSCs. @*Conclusions@#In summary, our data showed that ADSCs’ characteristics were tissue source dependent and changed with age. It provided evidence for choosing the right tissue-specific ADSCs for clinical application and fundamental research.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 132 patients with surgical site infection / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveSurgical site infection (SSI)is a type of common hospital-acquired wounds. The purpose of this study is to understand its clinical characteristics and prognosis in order to provide evidence for taking appropriate measures.Methods132 wound patients who met the diagnostic criteria of surgical site infection in the wound care center in recent 3 years were enrolled. The patients were treated locally with nanosilver dressing combined with red light and infrared ray. Individualized nutritional recipes and activity prescriptions were given, and the skin was showered every other day to heal or last 2 months.Observation indicators: demographics and wound characteristics; changes of area and depth after14 days intervention; the posi-tive rate of bacteria before and after the intervention, and healing rate and healing time of 2 months were analyzed and compared.ResultsA total of 132 cases of SSI(52.27% superficial and 47.73% deep ) was identified. The average age was 48.33±16.90 years. The average age and gender of the two groups were similar (P>0.05).Peri-wound skin is contaminated in all cases. The mean onset time of SSIs was 19.82±5.64 days, and the median onset time was 20 days. The onset time and duration of deep SSIs were longer than that of superficial SSIs (P0.05), and the depth of deep SSIs was deeper than that of superficial SSIs (P<0.05).The positive rate of bacterial culture inthe deep SSI group (79.31%) was higher than that of the superficial SSI group (59.46%) (P<0.05). After 14 days treatment, the area was smaller, the depth was lower (P<0.05), and the positive rate of bacteria was significantly decreased in the two groups (P<0.05). The healing rate ofsuperficial SSI group (84.06%) was higher than that of deep SSI group (66.67%) (P<0.05) in two months, and the healing time of superficial SSI group was significantly shortened (35.46<11.12 days vs 41.08<11.33 days, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that negative bacterial culture before intervention increased the healing index (OR=0.190). Long-term use of antibiotics did not promote healing (OR=0.343).ConclusionSuperficial and deep SSIs are common types of SSIs. Gender and age are similar, and skin contamination may play a role in the development of SSI,which needs attention. Local and systemic interventions can effectively improve wound healing. Negative bacterial culture and proper use of antibiotics can improve the healingprobability.

Three-dimensional CT classification of fracture site and injury mechanism of axis ring / 中华骨科杂志

Objectives:To observe the anatomical location and mechanism of axis ring fractures (ARF) using 3-D CT scans, and propose a new classification for such fractures.Methods:By reviewing prospectively maintained database collecting ARF from 7 medical centers in China, 202 patients were included in this study. According to anatomical location, ARFs were classified into axis arthrosis fracture (AAF) and axis bony damage (ABD). The axis ring was divided into anterior, middle, and posterior rings, based on the border of the pars interarticularis (or pedicle) of axis. According to the features of ARF and previous study, a new classification was proposed based on the anatomical features of different fracture patterns, which was divided into three types and six subtypes (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2). The incidence of AAF and ABD and their distribution in different location of axis ring and the new classification, were observed.Results:In 202 patients with ARF, 501 anatomical structures were involved. 288 AAFs were found in 178 patients (288/501, 57%), while 213 ABDs were found in 149 patients (213/501, 43%). In anterior ring, 304 structures (304/501, 61%) were involved in injury, with 225 AAF and 79 ABD. In middle ring, 99 structures (99/501, 20%) were involved in injury, and all of them were ABD. In posterior ring, 98 structures (98/501, 19%) were involved in injury, with 63 AAF and 35 ABD. The anterior ring injuries (61%) were more common than middle (20%) or posterior ring (19%). In anterior ring, AAF (84%) were morecommon than ABD (16%); In middle ring, all the injuries were ABD; In posterior ring, AAFs (64%) were more common than ABD (36%). Type A fractures were featured with pedicle fractures and were identified in 30 patients (30/202, 15%). Type A1 fractures were bilateral pedicle fracture lines symmetrically or asymmetrically and identified in 12 (6%) patients; Type A2 fractures were pedicle fracture lineson one side and inferior articular facet injuries or lamina fractures on the otherside and identified in 18 (9%) patients. Type B fractures were featured with superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures on one side and identified in 136 patients (67%). Type B1 fractures were superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures on one side and pedicle fracture on the other side and identified in 57 (28%) patients; Type B2 fractures were superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures on one side and inferior articular facet injuries or lamina fractures on the otherside and identified in 79 (39%) patients. Type C fractures were featured with bilateral superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures and identified in 36 patients (18%). Type C1 fractures were bilateral superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures symmetrically and identified in 22 (11%) patients; Type C2 fractures were bilateral superior articular facet injuries or posterior wall of C2 body fractures asymmetrically and identified in 14 (7%) patients.Conclusion:ARF could occur in different anatomical locations, and most of these fractures were caused by hyperextension and axial load on superior articular facet on one or two sides. The new CT classification of ARF with three types and six subtypes might provide all fracture patterns, which could be useful for the choice of proper diagnosis and treatment for such fractures.

Analysis on the factors that influence the treatment outcome of Tibetan nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Qinghai Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

@#Objective To analyze the treatment outcome and related influencing factors of Tibet- an nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Qinghai Province，so as to provide evidence for tuberculosis control and treatment among Tibetan population． Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on 5 564 Tibetan nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Qinghai province who were reported in the China Tuberculosis Information Management System and approved to receive treatment from 2008 to 2017． The main influencing factors were detected by unconditional Logistic regression model analysis，dependent variable was successful treatment or not，independent variables were other factors related to the treatment outcome． Ｒesults The treatment success rate of Tibetan nationality new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases was 87. 1% ( 4 848 /5 564) ，and the adverse outcome rate was 12. 9% ( 716 /5 564) ． Unconditional Logistic regression model analysis indicated that non-full- course supervision management，living in agricultural and pastoral area，having severe disease，floating population，and age older than 60 years were risk factors of adverse outcome． The odds ratio( OＲ) 95% confidence interval( CI) of the above risk factors were 13. 044( 10. 671-15. 944) ，2. 305( 1. 703-3. 119) ， 2. 090( 1. 346-3. 243) ，1. 967( 1. 443-2. 682) ，and 1. 909( 1. 410-2. 586) ． Clinical consultation，farmers and herdsmen were protective factors． The OＲ( 95% CI) were 0. 451( 0. 375-0. 543) ，and 0. 786( 0. 627- 0. 985) ． Conclusions Treatment success rate of Tibetan nationality new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases was low． Therefore，the directly observed treatment short-course ( DOTS) strategy should be strictly implemented and the full-course supervision management should be strengthened to improve the treatment success rate． More attention should be paid to the elderly，severe，floating，agricultural and pastoral populations among the Tibetan population．

Clinical performance of rensin-bonded composite strip crowns in primary incisors / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the clinical success of the treatment of maxillary anterior primary incisors caries with composite resin strip crowns.@*METHODS@#Children who presented with severe early childhood caries and were treated comprehensive caries under general anesthesia from January to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. Composite crowns using preformed celluloid crown (3M ESPE, USA) called as "strip crown technique" were applied to treat vital primary incisors with two or multiple surface cavities. Selective etchings of enamel, Universal Bond adhesive and 3M Z350 resin were used to make strip crowns. The patients returned at the end of 6, 12 and 18 months and received clinical and radiologic examinations. Dentists who did not attend the treatment evaluated the strip crowns clinically by modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.@*RESULTS@#Four hundred eighteen restorations, placed in 127 children aged 1.17-5.75 years (average of 3.22), were evaluated. The overall retention rate was 97.8% at the end of 6 months, 93.6% at 12 months and 89.2% at 18 months. After 18 months, 28 restorations (6.7%) were totally lost and 4.1% were rated as having lost some resin material. Only four teeth (1.0%) had secondary caries at the end of 18 months and 1.4% teeth had pulpal pathology requiring root canal treatment. Composite crowns had good performance in contour and adjacent contact and improved aesthetics significantly. Twenty-nine teeth (6.9%) showed mild gingivitis and 93.1% showed healthy gingival. 11.2% of the teeth demonstrated color change because plaque accumulation and the polish could remove the stains. The complete loss of strip crowns was mainly related to eating bites.@*CONCLUSION@#Strip crowns performed well for restoring primary incisors with large or multisurface caries for periods of over 18 months. The strip crowns can be a durable and aesthetic restoration for vital carious primary incisors with adequate tooth structure after caries removal. Functional movement is an important cause of complete loss. Because of the high technical sensitivity and its requirement of the cooperation of children, strip crowns are more suitable for older and cooperative children as well as children receiving dental treatment under sedation or general anesthesia.

Comparative Analysis of Effect of Houpu Wenzhongtang Combined Decoction and Simple Decoction on Urine Metabonomics of Rats with Deficiency-cold of Spleen and Stomach / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang on rats with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach from the perspective of metabonomics, to find out the relevant potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways, and to explore the similarities and differences between the combined decoction and single decoction, so as to provide reference for the feasibility analysis of replacing traditional decoction with single dispensing granule of this formula. Method:SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and simgle decoction group. Rats in the normal group were given distilled water by intragastric administration, rats in the other three groups were given cold vinegar at 4 ℃ in the morning and refined lard in the afternoon for 10 days (the dosage of 10 mL·kg-1). After the model was successfully established, rats in the combined decoction group and the single decoction group were given corresponding decoction with dosage of 1.8 g·kg-1 (according to the amount of crude drugs), once a day for 7 days. Ultra-high liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technique was used to analyze the small molecular endogenous metabolites in urine. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to compare the changes of differential metabolites among the normal group, model group, Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and single decoction group, and the differential metabolites were introduced into Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for metabolic pathway analysis. Result:Compared with the model group, the Houpu Wenzhongtang combined decoction group and single decoction group jointly regulated 13 potential biomarkers, including phosphatidylcholine(PC), lysophosphatidic acid(LysoPA) and cholic acid, etc. They played a role in treating deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach by influencing metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling system and so on. The combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang could obviously restore the body weight, motilin and gastrin contents of rats with deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach to normal levels. Conclusion:According to biochemical indexes, there is no obvious difference between combined decoction and single decoction of Houpu Wenzhongtang, but according to metabonomics, the combined decoction may be slightly better than the single decoction. The research shows that it is feasible to replace traditional decoction with single dispensing granule of Houpu Wenzhongtang in clinical application.

Analysis on the occurrence characteristics of pressure injuries caused by COVID-19 pneumonia protective equipment / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveWearing protective masks for a long time causes a large number of frontline health care workers to suffer different degrees of pressure injury or facial skin rupture in response to COVID-19. This paper aims to analyze the occurrence characteristics and related factors of pressure injury related to devices, and provide the basis for taking countermeasures. Methods There was online investigation of skin injuries caused by wearing protective equipment in medical staff. Descriptive analysis was carried out on the occurrence characteristics of pressure-induced injury, and influencing factors were analyzed through logistic regression model. ResultsThere were a total of 2901 valid questionnaires. The results showed that the incidence of pressure injury caused by protective equipment was 26.34%, mainly in the bridge of the nose (20.41%), cheek (20.23%), auricle (17.82%) and forehead (8.86%). Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that the major associated factors, which presented increasing risk, were sweating and dampness (OR=12.72, 95%CI 8.36-17.30), wearing level-3 protective equipment (OR=3.55, 95%CI 2.47-5.08), wearing level-2 protective equipment (OR=3.37, 95%CI 2.47-4.60), wearing time (OR=1.29, 95%CI 1.05~1.58) and occupation (OR=1.57, 95%CI 1.00~2.49). Conclusion There is the high incidence of pressure injuries to health care workers caused by protective equipment against COVID-19. The main risk factors for facial stress injury of medical staff are sweating and dampness, wearing level-3 and level-2 protective equipment and wearing time.

Analysis of the management measures and effects in prevention and control of COVID-19 in outpatient service of a general hospital / 医学研究生学报

To preliminarily analyze the prevention and control of COVID-19, a general hospital outpatient service took six management measures, including setting up a leading group, building rules and regulations, infection control and supervision, special training, humanized service, public opinion propaganda. After nearly two months, the rates of both body temperature monitoring and epidemiological history screening are 100%, the medical staff infection rate is zero, and no cross infection between the patients due to adopting outpatient service comprehensive management measures which had strong organization and leadership, effective targeted training, effective control of all links in epidemic prevention and control work. During the fight against COVID-19, outpatient management played an important role in hospital management. The above approaches provide valuable experience for preventing the spread of infectious diseases effectively and winning the biological weapon wars in the future.

Effects of oxygen-enriched negative pressure wound therapy in improving wound microenvironment to tissue proliferation and vascularization / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveIt is indefinited that oxygen-enriched negative pressure wound therapy, namely negative pressure wound therapy combined with topical oxygen therapy (NPWT+TOT), improve the effects of wound microenvironment in tissue proliferation and vascularization. The objective is to discuss effects of oxygen-enriched negative pressure wound therapy in improving wound microenvironment to tissue proliferation and vascularization.MethodsTo select sixty-four patients in the outpatient wound care center of the eastern theater general hospital from January to October, 2019, which were randomly divided into the experimental group (NPWT+TOT) and the control group (NPWT), 32 cases in each group. The patients were treated with oxygen-enriched negative pressure wound and negative pressure wound respectively for 2 weeks to observe the changes of wound temperature and PH before and during intervention. Bacterial culture and immunohistochemical staining which were made from wound secreta and wound bed tissues to observe bacterial culture results, tissue proliferation activity and microvascular density before intervention and 14 days after intervention. After the intervention, the patients were treated by standard wet therapy and followed up to wound healing or 3 months after the intervention to observe the wound healing rate and wound healing time.ResultsAfter two weeks' continuous intervention, wound temperature of patients increased and PH value decreased significantly between the experimental group and the control group. Meanwhile, the intervention group was more effective, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The positive rate of bacterial culture after intervention in the experimental group and the control group was 26.67% and 41.38% respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.233). Compared with the control group, the increase of tissue activity and microvascular density in the experimental group was more significant (P<0.05). After three months' follow-up, the wound healing rate of the experimental group was increased by 12.5% compared with the control group, and the average wound healing time was shortened by 9.2 days.ConclusionOxygen-enriched negative pressure wound therapy can improve wound microenvironment, reduce the positive rate of wound bacterial culture, improve the proliferation activity of wound tissue and degree of vascularization, and promote wound healing.

Effect and Mechanism of Celastrol on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatic L02 Cells of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of celastrol in inhibiting the lipid metabolism disorder in hepatic L02 cells and its possible mechanism on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of non-alcoholic fatty liver cells by intervening non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) cell model with celastrol. Method:Hepatic L02 cells were divided into control group, model group, low-dose celastrol treatment group (Cel 0.5 mg·L-1), high-dose celastrol treatment group (Cel 1 mg·L-1) and simvastatin group (SIM 6 mg·L-1) for cultivation. The contents of total cholesterol (TC) and total triglyceride (TG) in hepatic L02 cells were detected, and the oil red staining was used to detected the lipid accumulation in hepatic L02 cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related signal molecules activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) in hepatic L02 cell model respectively. Result:The contents of TC and TG in hepatic L02 cells of NAFLD group were significantly higher than those in control group (P-1 group, Cel 1 mg·L-1 group and SIM 6 mg·L-1 group were significantly lower than those in NAFLD group (P-1 group, the Cel 1 mg·L-1 group, and the SIM 6 mg·L-1 group were lower than the NAFLD group to different degrees. According to the results of RT-PCR and Western blot, the mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of ERS-related signaling molecules ATF6, GRP78, IRE1, SCAP, SREBP-1c and SREBP-2 in hepatic L02 cells of NAFLD group were higher than those of control group (P-1 group, Cel 1 mg·L-1 group and SIM 6 mg·L-1 group were lower than those of NAFLD group (P-1 group and the SIM 6 mg·L-1 group. Conclusion:Celastrol can reduce the lipid metabolism disorder in hepatic L02 cells by down-regulating the expressions of ERS-related signaling molecules ATF6, GRP78, IRE1, SCAP, SREBP-1c and SREBP-2 in hepatic L02 cells, so as to improve NAFLD.

Application of triple-point marking at a standard frontal view to locate reconstructed auricle in ear reconstruction / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore a good method for locating reconstructed auricle.@*Methods@#An X-ray film ear template was modelled with the opposite healthy ear, then the template was reversely placed on the malformed side. The position of template was adjusted according to the observation at a standard frontal view and the relations with local anatomic landmarks until bilateral auricular symmetry was reached. At that time the position of template was fixed, and three points were marked. The first point was the most front point of helix, that is in front of the junction of helix and inferion crura of antihelix. The second point was the junction of superior edge of earlobe and tragus. The third point was the junction of inferior edge of the earlobe and face.After marking the three points, the template was placed in flat based on the three points, and the shape of auricle was drawn.Whether the remnant earlobe was dislocated was decided by the difference between the position of remnant earlobe and the marked points.@*Results@#In this study, 118 cases had completed the three stages of ear reconstruction. In the first stage of the operation, 28 cases were residual earlobe moved, 1 case had hematoma postoperatively, and no case had serious complications such as infection and skin flap necrosis.In the second stage of the operation, the position of reconstructed ears were nearly symmetrical to the opposite sides. There were partial necrosis of grafted skins in 2 cases and partial necrosis of skin flaps in 3 cases, which were repaired with simple skin grafting or skin grafting after coverage of superficial temporal fascia flap. In the third stage of the operation, the position of reconstructed auricles was mostly symmetrical to the opposite side, and the wound were healed primarily.The satisfaction rate was 81.4%.@*Conclusions@#Triple-point Marking at a standard frontal view is a simple and practical method for locating reconstructed auricle in ear reconstruction.